In May 2019 Ghana Business News relayed an Ethiopian Institute of Technology and Innovation finding that research and development spending was about 0.27 percent of GDP, with roughly 65 percent of that money coming from government.
The Ministry of Innovation and Technology said the share had fallen as overall GDP grew and as universities shifted from research toward more practical activities. The African Union had urged countries to reach at least 1 percent of GDP on R&D, a level only a few sub-Saharan states approached.
Low research spending helps explain why Ethiopia still imports so much technical capacity even while officials celebrate industrial parks and mega-dams.
Kept as science and policy archive, the 0.27 percent figure is a simple baseline for anyone tracking innovation talk against actual budgets.
Sources: Ghana Business News