Mereja Forum

[Zmeselo]

Pamela, is a diehard junta supporter.

[Zmeselo]

Going Organic: Promoting Bio Fertilizers and Bio Pesticides

Milka Teklom

https://shabait.com/2022/11/29/going-or ... esticides/

NATION BUILDING

Nov 29, 2022

Bio fertilizers, selected strains of beneficial soil microorganisms cultured in a laboratory, have gained in popularity over the last few decades because of their nutrients and environmental benefits. They are used for seed treatment or soil application and generate plant nutrients like nitrogen and phosphorus through their activities in the soil and make them available to plants in a gradual manner.

As in other places, in Eritrea, the nutrients in soil have been experiencing degradation, over the years, due to many factors, including the mismanagement of soil and crops. Efforts have been made by the Ministry of Agriculture (MoA) to address the problem, by promoting the use of compost and by introducing farmers to different techniques of making compost.

It is true, that chemical fertilizers have played an important role in boosting agricultural production. However, their long-term application has contributed to the loss of soil fertility and an increase in the contents of salt of soil. And crop pests and diseases are still a major threat to agricultural production and productivity, causing tremendous damage to crops and threatening the food security and livelihoods of farmers. Unfortunately, plant protection and disease control are predominantly based on the use of conventional (synthesized) chemical pesticides, and most farmers tend to use synthetic pesticides as their first choice to control crop pests. But this practice has negatively impacted human health and the environment, and the use of bio pesticides is recommended as an alternative solution to overcome the negative impacts.


Mr. Dermas Sultan

According to Mr. Dermas Sultan, Chairman of the national committee of securing bio fertilizers and bio pesticides, the MoA, along with the Ministry of Marine Resources (MoMR), began in February 2021 the process of introducing bio fertilizers (BF) and bio pesticides (BP). Experts from various institutions, including the private sector, came together to establish the national technical committee. After properly introducing the organic products, small and medium private enterprises will take charge to produce and distribute the products to farmers.

The objectives of the national committee are: to reduce and eradicate the use of synthetic fertilizers and pesticides and gradually transition to organic farming; to give commercial and subsistence farmers training on the production and application of BF and BP; to make a strong link with MoA regional experts in the six regions and draw the potential map of the resources useful for the production in a year; to conduct research on the production of BF and BP; to prepare brochures that give guidelines on the application of the production; to prepare guidelines and standards for BF and BP production for quality assurance; to scale up the production of BF and BP at national level; to promote the use of garlic and other spices as botanical pesticides; and to ensure the documentation and promotion of the production, application and output of the activities.

The committee holds weekly and extraordinary meetings with regional representatives, to share experiences. It conducted a couple of field trips, to monitor farmers’ level of understanding of compost preparation and its continued use. Samples of compost made by commercial farmers and experts from the central and regional offices of the MoA were taken for laboratory analysis to be certified by the Regulatory Services Department of the MoA, before their wide application on farms.



In the initial trials at the National Agriculture Research Institute’s (NARI) research station and farmers’ fields, the compost applied on cereal crop farms has shown good results. This will help produce standard compost in large quantities. The compost, which will initially be applied on identified farms of medium and large scale farmers, will be gradually applied on all farms until farming practices become organic at a national level.

Another method of making compost, known as Bokashi, has also been introduced by an expert trained in Japan. It is a method of making fertilizer using biodegradable wastes, mainly household garbage. The fertilizer, which comes in both solid and liquefied forms, was tested on a variety of crops at the MoA’s compound in Gejeret, and the result was so encouraging that it will be tested all over the country to determine its effectiveness. These new technologies of making compost have been introduced in all the regions and can now be produced by the experts in the regions and made available for farmers to use on their farms.

A study on fish amino acid (FAA) and sea weed extract (SWE) fertilizers, generally known as liquid biological fertilizers, is also in progress. About 200 liters of FAA and SWE as well as bio pesticides extracted from the Neem leaf have been distributed to four regions (Central, Anseba, Gash-Barka and Southern regions) and applied on vegetables such as potatoes, okra and cabbage, which have delivered promising results.

Encouraged by the results, the MoA has collaborated with MoMR to proceeded to mass production. A machine that can chop 1000 kg of fish in an hour has been developed and can produce sufficient biological liquid fertilizers. Samples of the fertilizers are sent to Sudan for nutrient content analysis, and safety control is regularly performed by the National Laboratory for Plant and Animal Health section of the MoA. Biological liquid fertilizers are given to farmers all over the country free of charge.



Studies have shown the harmful effects of artificial pesticides, and the way forward is the adoption of bio pesticides. The MoA has set up a technical sub-committee on bio-pesticides, to promote organic farming by developing and introducing bio-pesticides as an effective pest management strategy. Promoting integrated pest management strategies is crucial, to address the problems caused by chemical pesticides. Neem-based pesticides are among the most important botanical pesticides, widely used for pest management. About 840 litres of botanical pesticides made from extracts of neem, aloe and chili pepper have been distributed to four regions for demonstration on farmers’ fields.

By avoiding the use of synthesized fertilizers and pesticides, organic farming offers prospects of sustaining crop yields and maintaining the health of soil. Organic farming does not only recover the loss of depleted nutrients in the soil but it also improves the soil structure and its water holding capacity, reduces soil erosion, and yields healthy agricultural products. Chemical pesticides and fertilizers pollute the environment and cause imbalance in the ecosystem, loss of soil fertility, and harmful and serious effects to human and animal health.

The recognition of the problems associated with the widespread application of chemical pesticides and fertilizers led to the development of safe alternatives with emphasis on the promotion of low cost and locally available products that are safe to humans, animals and the environment as a whole. Thus, the promotion of the use of bio fertilizers and bio pesticides as part of integrated crop and pest management strategies is crucial to addressing the problems caused by chemical pesticides and fertilizers. And one of the main strategies of the MoA is to encourage the production and use of bio pesticides and bio fertilizers, to produce healthy food and maintain safe environment.

[Weyane.is.dead]

Everyone has jumped off the sinking terrorist tplf ship

Pamela, is a diehard junta supporter.

[Zmeselo]

Five 's and one 'an (Welay Berhe)‍♀️, are among the 20 nominees for the annual Tropicale Amiso Bango award for the best African cyclist in January. The Eritrean nominees are: Biniam Girmay, Natnael Tesfatsion, Amanuel G/ Igziabiher, Henok Mulubrhan and Dawit Yemane.

[Abe Abraham]

• ንሕና ኣብ ስፖርት ይኹን ካልእ መዳይ ዓወት ክንሓፍስ እንከለናን ጸላእትና ድማ ክፈሽሉን ክፈስዉን እንከለዉ ናይ ግድን እዩ ክንስሕቕ !!!

[Zmeselo]

AG'EZO Magazine, November 2022
https://shabait.com/2022/11/29/agizo-november-2022/



መጽሓፍ 'ቀያሕቲ ዕምባባ'-. . .ጸሓፍን ክኢላ IT ን ቶምቦሳ ኣስመላሽ፡ ነቲ ብዙሕ ዘይተዳህሰሰ ታሪኽን ኣበርክቶን ኣባላት ቀያሕቲ ዕምባባ ኣብ ሰውራ ኤርትራ ብመልክዕ መጽሓፍ ኣቕሪብዎ ኣሎ። ንጒዕዞ ታሪኽን መደባት ስራሕን ቀያሕቲ ዕምባባ ህዝባዊ ግንባር - ምስናይ ኣጋጣሚታቱን ዝተኸፍለ መስዋእትን ብፍሉይ ኲርናዕን ቅዲን እተዘንቱ፡ 'ቀያሕቲ ዕምባባ' ፡ ኣብ ቀረባ እዋን ክትዝርጋሕ'ያ. . . Congrats. ብጻይ ቶምቦሳ ኣስመላሽ!



International Eritrean School, Jeddah, invites all our graduates to join in the alumni association formed recently.

تدعو المدرسة الإريترية الدولية بجدة جميع خريجيها للانضمام إلى جمعية الخريجين التي تم تشكيلها مؤخرًا.
https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIp ... &w=1&flr=0

[Zmeselo]

And they call PIA, old!

Everyone has jumped off the sinking terrorist tplf ship

Pamela, is a diehard junta supporter.

[quindibu]

Pamela, is a diehard junta supporter.

Found them!

[Zmeselo]

In May 2000, the world’s first “Oyster Bar” was discovered in the village of Abdur, on the Gulf of Zula in Eritrea. Scientists found stone tools on Africa's eastern seashore that suggest humans lived the coastal life, replete with an "oyster bar" 125,000 years ago.

It is the oldest documentation in the world of the utilization of marine resources, clams, crabs & oysters, found in this reef along with the stone tools. The find also suggests early humans were adapted to coastal marine environments & ate seafood, at least 125,000 years ago.

It indicates, early humans headed for the beach thousands of years earlier than previously thought. The possibility they might have taken a coastal route out of Africa-Europe & Asia, adds credence to the idea that early [deleted] sapiens originated in Africa.
@Erihistory




Debre-Bizen Church monastery: Located at the top of a mountain (2460 meters), near the town of Nefasit. Its library, contains many important ancient manuscripts and artefacts.

[Temt]

Pamela, is a diehard junta supporter.

Found them!

"እሙን ነብሲ መንደላይ! መንደላይ!
ወዲ ሳዋ ብፍላይ! ብፍላይ!"

[Zmeselo]

Pamela, is a diehard junta supporter.

Found them!

This idiot is beyond shameless, bro!

[Asmara]

Pamela, is a diehard junta supporter.

I think it was a fully packed hall. The people we are not seeing in the picture are on a toilet break.

[DefendTheTruth]

Pamela, is a diehard junta supporter.

This image reminds me of the one from the Taxi-Drivers' meeting in Washington in the year 2021 with the clearance of the USA current administration to create a Transitional Government for Ethiopia, replacing the one duly elected by the people of Ethiopia.

Belinken Lost in the game finally. This could be another attempt in a similar fashion.

[Weyane.is.dead]

It's an insult to us that these imbeciles think they can lead us. These idiots are not worthy of shinning my shoes let alone handle my political affairs.

And they call PIA, old!

Everyone has jumped off the sinking terrorist tplf ship

Pamela, is a diehard junta supporter.

[Fiyameta]

:




Pamela, is a diehard junta supporter.

[sesame]

Pamela, is a diehard junta supporter.

The question "where is everybody" would have been appropriate even if the room had been full. BTW, what is the white snake doing there?

[Hawzen]

Pamela, is a diehard junta supporter.

Brother ayte Adwusha sees the room fully packed...

Dedebit is always dedeb
R.I.P Abay Tigray and TPLF terrorist group

[quindibu]

Pamela, is a diehard junta supporter.

Found the rest......
"Now you see me, now you don't"! Watch until the end (about 2 min)!

Please wait. Loading ...

[Weyane.is.dead]

No wonder junta fears shabia they can't see them coming

Pamela, is a diehard junta supporter.

Found the rest......
"Now you see me, now you don't"! Watch until the end (about 2 min)!

Please wait. Loading ...

[Abe Abraham]

Please wait. Loading ...

• ጌጋ ናይ ሃይለ ወዲ መቀርዮስ (Makarious) " ኣነ ውጽኢት ናይ ምዕራባዊ ጽልዋ እየ " ምባሉ ኣይኮነን ምኽንያቱ ንሕና ብቐንዱ መስረትቲ ኣባል ባህሊ ምዕራባዊ ዓለም ስለ ዝኾንና ። ሓደ ግዜ ሓንቲ ፕሮፈሰር ናይ ታሪኽ ኣብ በርክሊ ኣብ ቪድዮ ብዛዕባ ባህሊ ምዕራባዊ ዓለም እንዳ ተዛረበት እንከላ ንከባቢና ጠቒሳ እቲ ምዕራባዊ ዓለም ዝበሃል ከመይ ኢሉ ቀስ ብቀስ ቅርጹ ከም ዝሓዘ ኣብሪሃ ።
  
  ጸገም ናይ ወዲ መቀርዮስ - ህዝባዊ ግንባርን ደገፉቱን - ብኣኽብሮት እንዳ ሓዝዎን እንዳ ጠመትዎን፡ ብዝተፈላለየ ዓለማዊ ነገራት ተታሊሉ፡ መንገዱ ስሒቱ ኣብ ክድዓት ምውፋሩ እዩ ። ምስ ኩሉ ትምህርቱ ከኣ ብዛዕባ ሕብረተ-ሰብ ኤርትራን ፖለቲካዊ ኣካይዳን - ናይ ውሽጥን ወጻእን ( ከባቢናን ክንየው ከባቢናን ) - ኣፍልጦ የብሉን ። ንኣብነት ኣብ ሓደ እዋን ዓለም ንኤርትራ ጸማም እዝኒ ምሃባ ከም ብሸነኽ መራሕትና ጉድለት ከም ዘሎ ጌሩ ወሲድዎ ። ሕጂ እዚ ምልክት ናይ ሓደገኛ ድንቁርናን ርእሰ-ምትላልን እዩ ። ደንቆሮን ርእሱ-ዘታልልን ሰብ ድማ ኣብ ጥቓ ስልጣን ይትረፍ ኣብ ጥቓ ዱካን 'ውን ክቕርብ ኣይግበኦን እዩ ።
  
  ኣብ ሃገርና ብዘይካ ኣብ ሓማሴን ናይ ዲሞክራሲ ሕቶ ዝበሃል የሎን ። ህዝቢ ብቀጥታዊ ዲሞክራሲ ኣማሓደርቱ እንዳ መረጸ - ብስም ሰልፍታት - ዕሱባትን ደናቁርን ሹመኛታት ክኾኑሉ ከፍቅድ ኣይክእልን እዩ ።
  
  ናይ ዲሞክራሲ ሕቶ ካብ ዘይሃለወ ምምሕያሽ ዘድልዮ ናይ ኣሰራርሓ ጉድለት ከ የሎን ማለት ድዩ ? መልሱ ጉድለት ኣብ ኩሉ ዓለም ስለ ዘጋጥም ምስኡ ዝኸይድ ምምሕያሽ ከኣ ኣድላይነቱ ቀጻሊ ይኸውን ። ኣነ በዛ ነብሰይ ቆልዓ እንከለኹ ካብ ኤርትራ ወጺአ ድሕሪ ናጽነት ናብ ዝተወለድኩላ ገዛይ ክምለስ ምስ ሓቀንኩ ነታ ኮሎኔል ናይ ጦርሰ ወሲድዋ ዝነበረ ገዛና መንግስቲ ብዘይ ሕቶን መልስን ውስድ ኣቢሎም ኣፍሪሶም ንዘድልዮም ነገር ተጠቂሞም " ኪዱ ን___ማይ ውረዱላ" ኢሎምና ። ናይ ኣዝማደይ እንተ ወሲኸሉ ከኣ ገለ ኣብ ጥቓ ባሕሪ ዝርከብ ወርቂ መሬት ካልእ ድማ ኣብ ውሽጢ ኣስመራ ብዝሕ ዝበለ ቦታታት መንግስቲ መንጢሎሞ ሱቕ ኢሎም ። ኣብ ርእሲኡ ናይ ዓዲ መርየት( ኣብ ሓማሴን) ከኣ መንግስቲ ርስቲ መንዚዑ ንዝደለዮ ሸይጡ ንደቂ ዓዲ ጥራሕ ኢድና ኣትሪፉና ። እቲ መንግስቲ ከኣ ብዝለዓለ ደረጃ መሪሕነቱ ጓና ኣይኮነን ። እኳ ደኣ ዳርጋ ኩሉ ሓውናን ሓፍትናን እዩ ። ሕጂ መንግስቲ ቤተ-ሰብናን ደቂ ዓድናን ኣብ ሰራዊት ብብዝሒ ይካፈሉ ከም ዘለዉ ብዕሊ ካብ ገለጸ እቲ ፍትሒ ክድንጉይ ይኽእል ድዩ ዝብል ሕቶ የልዕል ።
  
  እዚኣ ዎደሓንኩም !!

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